abstract：:A 25-yr-old female triathlete presented with 4 d of increasing left calf pain that started 1 d after an elective termination of pregnancy during the eighth week of gestation. She had been training with running, bicycling, and swimming but did not recall any injury to the calf muscle. Deep venous thrombosis of the calf...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Roberts WO,Christie DM Jr

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ingestion of fluids providing carbohydrate and electrolytes extends endurance times during prolonged exercise. To understand the contribution of these factors, we examined hormonal, physiologic, and metabolic responses to ingesting water (W) or a 7% glucose polymer/fructose/electrolyte solution (GPFE) in 10 men (age: ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Deuster PA,Singh A,Hofmann A,Moses FM,Chrousos GC

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study focused on age and physical activity as determinants of muscle strength. The study involved 620 women 25-73 yr of age. The five muscle groups assessed were: grip, plantarflexors, hip abductors, trunk flexors, and trunk extensors. Pearson correlations yielded significant negative correlations of muscle stren...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Sandler RB,Burdett R,Zaleskiewicz M,Sprowls-Repcheck C,Harwell M

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The inheritance of cardiac changes during acute dynamic physical exercise was studied in 21 pairs of monozygotic and 12 pairs of dizygotic male twins, ages 18-31 yr. Echocardiography was performed in resting conditions and at submaximal supine bicycle exercise at a heart rate of 110 bpm. In resting conditions signific...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Bielen EC,Fagard RH,Amery AK

更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sixteen untrained males, age 46 +/- 11 yr (mean +/- SD), were studied to determine the effects of 20 wk of strength training on lipoprotein-lipid profiles and post-heparin lipase activities. All subjects had abnormal lipoprotein-lipid profiles and at least two other risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD). To co...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Kokkinos PF,Hurley BF,Smutok MA,Farmer C,Reece C,Shulman R,Charabogos C,Patterson J,Will S,Devane-Bell J

更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A rapid, transient, rise in cytoplasmic free calcium ion concentration ([Ca2+]i-transient) couples electrical excitation to contraction in muscle. Such [Ca2+]i-transients in muscle are actually subcellular spatio-temporal events that are determined dynamically by i) diffusional fluxes of Ca2+, ii) by the binding or un...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Wier WG

更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to extend our knowledge of running related injuries by determining whether relationships exist between selected anthropometric, biomechanical, muscular strength and endurance, and training variables and runners afflicted with patellofemoral pain (PFP). Specifically, the objectives of this...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Messier SP,Davis SE,Curl WW,Lowery RB,Pack RJ

更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The extent of the growth changes in maximal work output during 10 s (MWO10), 30 s (MWO30), and 90 s (MWO90) of maximal repetitive knee flexions and extensions assessed on a modified Hydra-Gym machine was investigated in 84 boys and 83 girls, 9-19 yr of age. Body weight, fat mass and fat free mass by underwater weighin...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Saavedra C,Lagassé P,Bouchard C,Simoneau JA

更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The case of a table tennis player suffering from intra-articular loose bodies of the elbow is reported. The patient developed the first signs of osteochondritis dissecans of the right lateral humeral condyle at age 16 but underwent surgery only 6 yr later. He has now resumed training and competition, despite some resi...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Pintore E,Maffulli N

更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Energy expenditure during bicycling on flat terrain depends predominantly on air resistance, which is a function of total frontal area (bicycle and rider), coefficient of drag, and air speed. Body position on the bicycle may affect energy expenditure by altering either frontal area or coefficient of drag. In this stud...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Ryschon TW,Stray-Gundersen J

更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since the first reported use of knee braces for prophylactic purposes in 1979, these braces have gone through a period of widespread popularity and use, followed by increasing skepticism as to their effectiveness. Early use was unsupported by significant clinical or laboratory data. Multiple studies regarding prophyla...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Johnston JM,Paulos LE

更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Existing cross-sectional studies on plasma catecholamine activity provide no support for the concept that a markedly high level of aerobic fitness modifies sympathoadrenal response to an acute psychological challenge in humans. In contrast, compromised sympathetic nervous system activity has been observed in individua...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Sothmann MS,Hart BA,Horn TS

更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ventilatory stimulating effects of hypoxia occurring at carotid bodies are potentiated by exercise. However, hypoxia also has central ventilatory depressive effects; the potential interactions between this hypoxic depression and exercise have not been studied. We examined the ventilatory response to a 20 min perio...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Ward DS,Nguyen TT

更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to describe the body composition of adolescent and young adult ballet dancers using total body electrical conductivity (TOBEC). We studied 112 female and 33 male dancers. The mean ages were 15.0 +/- 2.0 and 18.7 +/- 3.1 yr for females and males, respectively. The mean percent body fat (PB...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Hergenroeder AC,Fiorotto ML,Klish WJ

更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The 1-mile run/walk test is the field test of choice for evaluating maximal aerobic power (VO2max) in school-aged children. The objective of this study was to determine the relative importance of selected metabolic determinants of mile run/walk performance in children 6-14 yr of age. Mile run/walk time (MRWT), VO2max,...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： McCormack WP,Cureton KJ,Bullock TA,Weyand PG

更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We compared physiological and perceptual responses to non-weight bearing (cycle) and weight bearing (treadmill) exercise in 16 sedentary women throughout a normal term pregnancy. Subjects were recruited late in the first trimester (less than 13 wk gestation) and were studied at 4 wk intervals throughout pregnancy and ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Pivarnik JM,Lee W,Miller JF

更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of steady state exercise on the power spectrum of heart rate variability were studied in 19 healthy subjects. Continuous ECG signals were recorded during 1) 15 min of rest in the supine state, 2) 10 min of standing, 3) 10 min of steady state exercise at 50% of maximum predicted power output on a cycle ergo...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Kamath MV,Fallen EL,McKelvie R

更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to compare gastric emptying (GE) responses during intense, prolonged cycling and running. It is important to discern whether gastric emptying (GE) responses are exercise-mode specific, since the findings of cycling and running studies are often compared and applied to one another. Ten mal...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Houmard JA,Egan PC,Johns RA,Neufer PD,Chenier TC,Israel RG

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The prevalence of the sickle cell trait in a school for elite young athletes in Cameroon, West Africa, was examined in order to evaluate whether the choice of an athletic career was influenced by its presence. The presence of hemoglobin AS was found in 27 of the 145 students attending the school (18.6%). Since the fre...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Thiriet P,Lobe MM,Gweha I,Gozal D

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined illness patterns in a cohort of 530 male and female runners who completed a monthly log for 12 months. The average number of upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) per person per year for the cohort was 1.2. An upper respiratory tract infection was indicated by the report of any of the following sympto...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Heath GW,Ford ES,Craven TE,Macera CA,Jackson KL,Pate RR

更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine whether the magnitude of the activation force, defined as the force that must be applied to the load cell in order to activate the resistance arm of an isokinetic dynamometer, affected knee extensor torques. Twenty-four healthy female subjects performed resisted knee extensio...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Kramer JF,Vaz MD,Hakansson D

更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A group of 103 female weight lifters (WL) and 92 control (C) women answered a survey concerning eating behavior and attitudes (including the Eating Disorder Inventory) and menstrual function. The incidence of menstrual dysfunction, defined as oligomenorrhea plus amenorrhea, was significantly higher for the WL (30%) th...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Walberg JL,Johnston CS

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examined the association between aerobic, caloric exercise expenditure and life status (living vs deceased) as well as the prevalence rates of hypertension (HBP) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in former male athletes (ATH) and non-athletes (N-ATH). The initial survey for this study was done in 1952. Follo...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Quinn TJ,Sprague HA,Van Huss WD,Olson HW

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine the effect of large and sudden increases in training volume on performance characteristics and the feasibility of using overtraining syndrome symptoms to monitor performance changes, 15 elite judo athletes were examined through 10 wk of training. Athletes performed their regular regimens of resistance (3 ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Callister R,Callister RJ,Fleck SJ,Dudley GA

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Low-intensity exercise (less than or equal to 50% VO2max) has been demonstrated to produce heat acclimation (HA) in trained subjects. The purpose of this study was to determine whether shorter-duration, moderate-intensity exercise would also result in HA. Nine trained runners performed two 9-d exercise heat-stress pro...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Houmard JA,Costill DL,Davis JA,Mitchell JB,Pascoe DD,Robergs RA

更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The performance of the Caltrac accelerometer was studied in elementary school-age children under field and laboratory conditions. In Study 1, 35 children (20 boys, 15 girls, mean age = 10.8 yr) wore the accelerometer and a heart rate (HR) monitor for 2 d. Caltrac activity counts per hour were compared to the mean "act...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Sallis JF,Buono MJ,Roby JJ,Carlson D,Nelson JA

更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The physiological mechanism of exercise-induced hyperfibrinolysis is not fully understood. It has been reported that exercise increases plasma arginine vasopressin (PAVP) and that PAVP infusion enhances blood fibrinolytic activity (FA). To characterize the fibrinolytic role of PAVP during exercise, PAVP and FA were ex...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： el-Sayed MS

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fatigue can be defined as the failure to maintain an expected power output. This is often an antecedent to some sports-related injury. It is important for those involved in physical performance to be familiar with the variety of mechanisms which can lead to fatigue. All too often, a single factor is described as the c...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Kirkendall DT

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although estradiol (E2) is considered primarily for its role in reproduction, it can exert numerous physiological actions on a variety of tissues. However, there are several difficulties in isolating these actions and determining its impact for in vivo situations. Despite the limitations, it does appear that E2 can al...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Bunt JC

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study the gross efficiency of swimming was determined in a group of male (N = 6) and female (N = 4) competitive swimmers. The gross efficiency is defined as the ratio of the power output (W) to the power input (W). In a range of swimming velocities (0.95-1.6 m.s-1), the power input (rate of energy expenditure,...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Toussaint HM,Knops W,De Groot G,Hollander AP

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Twelve college-age men exercised on a bicycle ergometer to VO2max and at 60, 70, and 80% VO2max for 30 min to determine the effects of exercise intensity on plasma beta-endorphin (B-EP). The time course for alterations in B-EP and the relationship to lactate were also examined. Following the VO2max test, the three sub...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Goldfarb AH,Hatfield BD,Armstrong D,Potts J

更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 23-yr-old female body builder injured her right wrist while training. A correct diagnosis of pure distal radio-ulnar dislocation, ulnar volar, was made, and reduction was successfully carried out. After removal of plaster, the patient complained of wrist pain and clicking. Surgical exploration revealed a ruptured tr...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Francobandiera C,Maffulli N,Lepore L

更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of weight loss (dehydration) techniques (which mimicked techniques used prior to actual competition) used by intercollegiate wrestlers on selected physiological parameters (strength, anaerobic power, anaerobic capacity, the lactate threshold (LT), and peak aerobic power) were examined in seven intercollegi...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Webster S,Rutt R,Weltman A

更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper introduces the terminology and application of parameter estimation techniques for clarifying models of pulmonary gas-exchange control dynamics. Results are given of modeled first-order systems, and the extension of such models to higher orders is discussed with examples. It is emphasized that justification ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Lamarra N

更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inappropriate cushioning and/or tractional characteristics of sports surfaces are assumed to increase surface-related injuries in various sports activities. Various tests assessing cushioning and frictional properties are currently in use to evaluate sports surfaces with respect to their potential to reduce the number...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Nigg BM

更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In an effort to determine whether chronic physical forearm activity would increase both structural and physiologic indices of peripheral forearm vasodilation, we studied a group (N = 7) of individuals chronically performing high levels of arm work, young wheelchair-confined paraplegics, and compared them with ten youn...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Shenberger JS,Leaman GJ,Neumyer MM,Musch TI,Sinoway LI

更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This symposium is concerned with the use of resistive exercise in cardiac and coronary prone populations. In the past, these populations have been refrained from resistive exercise. However, recent studies suggest that this form of exercise is safe and has favorable effects on physical fitness, cardiac risk factors su...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Stewart KJ

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The individual anaerobic threshold (IAT) is the highest metabolic rate at which blood lactate (LA) concentrations are maintained at a steady state during prolonged exercise. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of active and passive recovery on the determination of the IAT before and after an endurance...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： McLellan TM,Jacobs I

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In embryonic chicken skeletal muscle, the presence of a ventricular myosin heavy chain (MHC) is demonstrated by reactivity with an anti-ventricular MHC antibody. Developmental repression of the ventricular MHC expression occurs earlier in embryonic fast twitch posterior latissimus dorsi (PLD) than in embryonic slow-to...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Kennedy JM,Sweeney LJ,Gao LZ

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The immune response was assessed in 13 competitive bodybuilders self-administering anabolic-androgenic steroids and ten competitive bodybuilders not administering these drugs. Laboratory assessment included the number and relative distribution of T-cells, T-helper/inducer cells, T-cytotoxic/suppressor cells, activated...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Calabrese LH,Kleiner SM,Barna BP,Skibinski CI,Kirkendall DT,Lahita RG,Lombardo JA

更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00